All students who major in Anthropology will be assisted by a faculty advisor who will help them in planning their academic programs. For this purpose, it is essential that students register with the Department at an early stage of their studies.
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First Courses
Anthropology 1030 and 1031 or an equivalent course or courses are required of all students wishing to concentrate in anthropology.
The following courses, cross-listed with the Department of Sociology and identified by the prefix "S/A'', are also taught at the introductory level: 2200, 2210, 2220, 2230, 2240, 2260, 2270, 2280 and 2350. These courses can be taken as first courses or may be taken following a departmental introductory course.
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Major Options
The Department of Anthropology offers undergraduate programs concentrating in a) Social and Cultural Anthropology; b) Archaeology and Physical Anthropology; and c) Interdisciplinary Studies in Sociology and Anthropology. Courses are designated as S/C, A/P, or S/A, according to which option they belong.
The student majoring in Anthropology must meet the requirements listed under General Degree Regulations, Regulations for the General Degree of Bachelor of Arts. Under these regulations, 36 credit hours in Anthropology are required. Specific regulations for each option follow:
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Social/Cultural Anthropology. Students wishing to concentrate in this option must take A/P 1030 and S/C 1031; 6 credit hours in courses at the 2000 level chosen from S/C 2410, S/C 2411, S/C 2412, S/C 2413; 6 credit hours from S/C 4000-level offerings, of which one must be S/C 4410 or S/C 4412; the remaining 18 credit hours are to be chosen from any of the S/C or S/A 3000- or 4000- level offerings. Students should note that the completion of S/C 1031 and one 2000-level S/C course is a prerequisite for all S/C 3000-level courses, and that two S/C courses at the 2000 level or above are prerequisites for all S/C 4000-level courses.
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Archaeology/Physical Anthropology. Students wishing to concentrate in this option must take A/P 1030 and S/C 1031, Anthropology 2430 and 2480; 12 credit hours in Archaeology or Physical Anthropology courses at the 3000 level; 9 credit hours in Archaeology or Physical Anthropology courses at the 4000 level which must include Anthropology 4182 (History of Archaeology) and 4411 (Theory and Method in Archaeology and Prehistory); 6 additional credit hours in Archaeology and Physical Anthropology courses at the 3000 or 4000 level. Students are encouraged to take appropriate course offerings in Social and Cultural Anthropology. Students should note that Anthropology 2430 is a prerequisite for all 3000- and 4000-level courses in Physical Anthropology and that Anthropology 2480 is a prerequisite for all 3000- and 4000-level Archaeology courses.
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Interdisciplinary (S/A) option. Students wishing to concentrate in this option must take at least 24 credit hours in S/A courses, plus a minimum of 12 credit hours in courses selected from the offerings of the Anthropology Department or the Sociology Department or both. Specific requirements are detailed under the Sociology/Anthropology Interdepartmental Studies Program.
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Minor Options
A Minor in Anthropology may be achieved by completing any one of three sets of courses:
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Social and Cultural Anthropology: 1030, 1031; 6 credit hours in courses at the 2000 level chosen from 2410, 2411, 2412, 2413; and 12 credit hours chosen from Department offerings at the 3000 level or above, including at least 3 credit hours in a course at the 4000 level.
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Archaeology and Physical Anthropology: 1030, 1031; 2430 and 2480; 3 credit hours in an Archaeology/Physical Anthropology course at the 4000 level; and 12 credit hours in other Anthropology courses, at least 9 credit hours of which shall be from among Archaeology/Physical Anthropology offerings.
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Sociology/Anthropology ("S/A''): see the regulations listed under the Sociology/Anthropology Interdepartmental Studies Program.
Students majoring in either Anthropology or Sociology cannot elect to Minor in the S/A Program. Likewise, S/A Majors cannot elect either Anthropology or Sociology as a Minor.
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Admittance: As per existing regulations.
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Students intending an Honours program are required to complete 60 credit hours following the requirements in 2. Major Options above, but in addition must include Anthropology 4995-Honours Essay, or 4996-Comprehensive Examination. Students must also meet requirements of General Regulations for Honours Degrees, and regulations for the Honours Degree of Bachelor of Arts.
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Candidates must fulfil the requirements of the General Regulations for the Honours degree.
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Candidates must complete:
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Six credit hours in Anthropology courses chosen from 2410, 2411, 2412, 2413, 2430 and 2480;
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Fifteen credit hours in Anthropology courses at the 3000 level, chosen in consultation with a supervisor;
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Fifteen credit hours in Anthropology courses at the 4000 level, with a grade of "B'' or better. These must include Anthropology 4410 and one of 4000, 4411 and 4412.
In accordance with Senate's Policy Regarding Inactive Courses, the course descriptions for courses which have not been offered in the previous three academic years and which are not scheduled to be offered in the current academic year have been removed from the following listing. For information about any of these inactive courses, please contact the Head of the Department.
Note:
S/A course descriptions may be found in this Calendar under the Sociology/Anthropology Interdepartmental Studies Program.
1030
Introduction to Archaeology and Physical Anthropology
(A/P)
is a broad overview of Archaeology and Physical Anthropology introducing the concepts of human biological and cultural evolution and the methods and techniques by which these are investigated. The course is designed to provide the basis for further study in the disciplines. Credit may not be obtained for both Anthropology 1030 and the former Anthropology 1000 or 2000.
1031
Introduction to Social and Cultural Anthropology
(S/C)
is a general introduction to Anthropology emphasizing different forms of society and culture. Cultures within and outside the Western tradition will be examined, ranging from small-scale to more complex pre- industrial societies. Credit may not be obtained for both Anthropology 1031 and the former Anthropology 1000 or 2000.
2220
Labrador Society and Culture
(S/A)
2230
Newfoundland Society and Culture
(S/A)
(same as Folklore 2350) (see Sociology/Anthropology Interdepartmental Studies Program)
2240
Canadian Society and Culture
(S/A)
2350
Religious Institutions
(S/A)
(see Sociology/Anthropology Interdepartmental Studies Program) Cross-listed with Religious Studies 2350
2410
Classics in Social and Cultural Anthropology
(S/C)
is an examination of selected milestone monographs, ground- breaking studies for subdisciplinary specialties, and major syntheses. This course qualifies as a Research/Writing course.
2411
Anthropologists in the Field
(S/C)
is based on the fact that anthropologists base many of their ideas on experiences they have while living in other cultures. This course examines the human relationships through which anthropologists explore cultures and how in turn these relationships affect the anthropologists and the development of their discipline.
2412
Threatened Peoples
(S/C)
is an examination of key social and cultural factors involved in the global extinction of small- scale societies; the intrusive influences that jeopardize small-scale societies, such as disease; economic and military incursion; the role of international non- governmental agencies in aid of threatened peoples; and the role of the anthropologist in this human crisis.
2413
Modern World Cultures
(S/C)
is an examination of significant studies of 20th century populations and their implications for understanding the human condition.
2414
Regional Studies: North American Indians and Inuit
(S/C)
is a survey course dealing with the various tribal and band societies of North America, with special emphasis on the northern portion. The student will be introduced to the cultural history and language distribution of the area along with an examination of the major regional divisions. Several societies will be studied in more detail as case studies in the ethnographic analysis of specific cultural situations. The course will also deal with the effect on these cultures, through the historic period, of European trade, conquest, and settlement, again with special emphasis on the Canadian region.
Note:
Credit may not be obtained for S/C 2414 and the former S/C 3281.
2430
Physical Anthropology: The Human Animal
(A/P)
investigates the human animal as we exist now and as we developed through time. Students will discover how the study of fossil remains, living and extinct primates, and the applications of the principles of genetics, adaptation and variation of human evolution help to provide an understanding of how biology and culture have interacted to produce modern humans.
Prerequisite: A/P 1030.
2480
Archaeology: Discovering our Past
(A/P)
is an introduction to archaeological techniques, methodology and theory. Lectures cover the development of the discipline, techniques of survey and excavation, methods of analysis and the interpretation of prehistory.
Prerequisite: A/P 1030.
2481
Ancient Civilizations of the Americas
A survey course introducing the archaeology and ethnohistory of various pre-contact civilizations of North, Central and South America. Archeological Evidence will be used to explore the rise of civilizations in the Americas and particular civilizations will be examined and compared based on ideology, economy and administration.
Prerequisites/Co-requisites: Anthropology A/P 1030 - Introduction to Archaeology and Physical Anthropology.
2490
Human Origins
(A/P)
- inactive course.
2491
Popular Archaeology
(A/P)
- inactive course.
2492
Forensic Anthropology
(A/P)
is an examination of procedures and techniques used by physical anthropologists and archaeologists to obtain data pertinent to investigations by law enforcement and medical authorities: evidence concerning the identification of human remains and the cause, time and manner of death.
3020
What is Human?
(A/P)
- inactive course.
3040
The Human Skeleton
(A/P)
reflects genetic, environmental and cultural influence. This course, emphasizing identification of individual bones in the skeleton, techniques for obtaining size and shape differences in individual bones and the entire skeleton, estimation of group numbers and death rates, and diagnosis of disease and other abnormal conditions, provides a means of assessing all of these influences on past human populations.
3050
Ecology and Culture
(S/C)
is a survey of the basic principles and perspectives of human and cultural ecology and ecological anthropology. Emphasis will be placed on the evolutionary development of basic ecological adaptations: foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, agriculture and industrialism. Major ecosystems and human adaptative adjustments to them will also be surveyed, especially arctic, mountain, desert, grassland and tropical rainforest ecosystems.
3052
Anthropology and Directed Social Change
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3053
Anthropology of Religion
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3054
Play and Culture
(S/C)
is an examination of the phenomenon of play in a variety of human cultures, and in such forms of activity as religion, politics, festival, speech, performance, and artistic creation. Principal themes are the functional role of play in social relations, and the meaningful role of play in social thought.
3058
Urban Anthropology
(S/C)
is an examination of anthropological studies of urban populations and population segments, such as ethnic groups and categories, occupations, neighborhoods, etc.
3060
The Idea of Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3061
Culture and Social Inequality
(S/C)
examines the role of culture in mediating different forms of social inequality, exploring the idea that culture is not only a way of life but also a way of managing power between unequals, from individuals to social classes. Readings in the course concentrate on cultural techniques of social control.
3062
Anthropology in Social Policy-making
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3063
Ethnicity and Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3064
Anthropology and the Study of Social Problems
(S/C)
- inactive course.
3082
Bandits, Rebels, and Revolutions
(S/C)
examines types of social conflict specific to different kinds of class-based society, including social banditry, primitive rebellions, and peasant revolutions. More generally, social conflict is used to explore the variety of ways that pre-industrial societies have been made part of the modern world economy.
3083
Cultural Crises and the Environment
(S/C)
is an examination of social and cultural aspects of dilemmas in the use of renewable and non-renewable resources such as animals, arable land, forests, fisheries, air, water, fossil fuel, and nuclear energy. Special attention to Third World and marginal populations.
3210
Persistence and Change in Rural Society
(S/A)
3240
Regional Studies: Contemporary Native Peoples of Canada
(S/A)
3241
Regional Studies: The Atlantic
(S/A)
3242
European Societies
(S/A)
- inactive course.
3249
Peoples of the Pacific
(S/A)
- inactive course.
3260
Social and Economic Development
(S/A)
3280
Regional Studies: The Arctic
(S/C)
is a courses on studies of cultural, ecologic, economic and social systems in the northern circumpolar regions.
3290
Newfoundland and Labrador Prehistory
(A/P)
is a seminar and reading course on the culture history of Newfoundland and Labrador from about 9,000 years ago until the time of European settlement. Particular attention will be paid to the interactions among the several ethnic and cultural groups upon whose history this course focusses.
3291
Maritime Provinces Prehistory
(A/P)
- inactive course.
3305
The Anthropology of Gender
(S/C)
aims to provide students with a comprehensive introduction to the major research questions that have been addressed by anthropologists concerned with the study of gender. A variety of empirical examples are used to demonstrate the variation in what it means to be 'female' or 'male' across disparate time periods and cultural contexts.
3317
Oil and Society
(S/A)
- inactive course.
3318
Culture and Aging
(S/A)
is an introduction to the study of aging from a social and cultural perspective. Distinctions between the biological and social elements of the aging process will be examined. The overview of social and cultural gerontology includes social, economic and political influences on later life, as well as the culture-based needs and aspirations of the aged.
3330-3339
Interdisciplinary Specialties
(S/A)
3384-3389
Regional Studies in Anthropology
(S/C)
3402-3409
Anthropological Specialties
(S/C)
will have a topic of current interest and importance announced by the Department for each term.
Prerequisites: Six credit hours in Anthropology.
3500
Prehistory of Africa, Asia and Europe I
(A/P)
examines the early stages of cultural evolution in the Old World. Topics include: earliest human origins in Africa; the dispersal of humans throughout the Old World; the appearance of modern- type humans during the last ice age.
3505
Prehistory of Africa, Asia and Europe II
(A/P)
3510
Prehistory of the New World
(A/P)
is a survey of cultural development in the Americas from the entry of humans until the time of European contact. Topics include: the earliest human migrations and the dispersal of human groups throughout the New World; the development of complex hunting-gathering societies; the origins of agriculture and sedentism.
3515
Prehistory of Mesoamerica
(A/P)
- inactive course.
3520
The Early Ethnohistory of North America's Native People
(A/P)
(same as History 3520) examines the North American native response to early European contact and initial settlement. Particular attention will be paid to cultural change resulting from the adoption of European goods, participation in the fur trade, the introduction of European disease, and the adaptation to a permanent European presence.
3525
The Later Ethnohistory of North America's Native People
(A/P)
(same as History 3525) examines Indian and Inuit cultural history of the 18th and 19th centuries, including the fur trade, resistance and accommodation to European expansion, the emergence of revitalization movements, demographic changes, and population shifts. Special emphasis will be placed on the ethnohistory of the native peoples of what is now Canada and northern United States.
3561
Ethnoarchaeology
(A/P)
- inactive course.
3580
Bronze Age Archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean
(A/P)
- inactive course.
3582
Historical Archaeology
(A/P)
(same as History 3530) will introduce students to historical archaeology, with special reference to the North Atlantic, 1000 to 1900 AD. The archaeology of specific historic sites, including Newfoundland sites, will be examined in order to raise theoretical issues and to give practical examples of methodology. Students will be introduced to the methodological challenges of palaeography, analysis of historic maps, survey, excavation and analysis of complex sites, underwater archaeology, documentary archaeology, material culture and subsistence studies, interpretation, conservation and cultural resource management. The course will consider theoretical approaches including historical anthropology, ethnohistory, world systems and consumer studies.
3584
Historical Anthropology
(A/P) or (S/C)
(same as History 3535) will explore selected issues in historical anthropology, with special reference to the Mediterranean and North Atlantic worlds. Students will read specific case studies in order to explore the theoretical issues raised by the attempt to understand historically-documented past cultures. In order to give practical examples of methodology classes will analyse primary source material. Students will be introduced to the textual analysis of myth and legal records, to the interpretation of images and to the analysis of patterns in material culture. The course will consider specific current interpretive issues, particularly the rise of individualism, the consumer revolution and the cultural construction of gender.
3585-3586
Practicum in Archaeology
(A/P)
offers students practical introductions to archaeological fieldwork (A/P 3585) and laboratory techniques (A/P 3586). These courses provide instruction and experience in site mapping, sampling strategies, the recovery and conservation of archaeological materials (i.e., artifacts and ecofacts) and the cleaning, cataloguing and cultural interpretation of artifacts and features. The students will also receive an introduction to archaeological research concerning prehistoric and/or historic cultures of a selected region.
3587
Archaeological Conservation: Method and Theory
(A/P)
is an introduction to principles and techniques for the preservation of archaeological materials, with an emphasis on conservation in the field.
Prerequisite: Anthropology 2480 or equivalent.
3588
Arctic Prehistory
(A/P)
will have lectures and discussion cover cultural developments in the Canadian Arctic, Greenland, and Alaska from the time of initial human occupation to the historic period, with particular emphasis on the eastern Canadian Arctic. Culture history is presented in the context of theoretical and methodological issues and emphasis is placed on culture adaptations to changing environments.
3589
Art, Architecture and Medieval Life
(A/P)
(same as Medieval Studies 3001, History 3020, Folklore 3001) is an examination of the development of medieval art and architecture and of the ways in which they mirror various aspects of life in the Middle Ages. This course will include a discussion of art and architecture in the countryside, in the town, in the castle, in the cathedral and in the cloister.
3590
Hunter-Gatherer Studies
(A/P) or (S/C)
3591
Collections Management
(A/P)
(same as Folklore 3591) will introduce students to the problems of collections storage with respect to environment, materials and artifact access. Students will become familiar with the materials encountered in archaeological and ethnographic collections. The storage of specific historic and prehistoric collections from Newfoundland and Labrador will be examined with the purpose of providing practical examples of methodology.
3600
The Use of Theory in Sociology and Anthropology
(S/A)
3610
Society and the Life Cycle
(S/A)
3630
New Media Methods in Social Research
(S/A)
3680-3689
Studies in Archaeology and Prehistory
(A/P)
will include the consideration of current developments in methods, techniques and theory as applied to selected areas of the world.
Prerequisite: Anthropology 2480 or equivalent.
3700
Social and Cultural Change
(S/A)
- inactive course.
3710
Museums and Historic Sites
(A/P)
(same as Folklore 3700) is an introduction to museums and historic sites, their work, and their role in societies past and present. Various types of museums and historic sites will be discussed using local, national and international examples, looking at their collections and exhibitions policies. Practical issues will also be discussed; these include museum exhibit display techniques, public programming, virtual museums, and the museum profession.
3800
Fieldwork in Vernacular Architecture: Drawings and Photography
(A/P)
- inactive course.
4015
Cultural Resource Management
(A/P)
(same as Folklore 4015 and Geography 4015) is a study of cultural resource management: the definition and recognition of cultural resources, the application of policy in managing cultural resources, and the identification and consideration of contemporary issues in cultural resource management.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of seminar per week.
4030
Taboo and Law
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4041
Palaeopathology
(A/P)
looks at disease, diet, genetics, accidents and maternal health factors as contributors to variations in the human skeleton. In this course these factors are diagnosed from bones, and aspects of the culture, health, economy and environment of the skeletal individuals are examined.
4042
Recent Developments in the Study of Human Evolution
(A/P)
- inactive course.
4050-4059
Special Projects in Physical Anthropology
(A/P)
includes directed reading, seminars and lab analysis of various skeletal collections. Topics to be covered may include primate behaviour, forensic anthropology, and various aspects of human evolution.
4070
Aboriginal Self-Governance
(S/A)
is an advanced course on contemporary issues on the development of, and barriers to, self-government among Canadian aboriginal peoples. The focus will be on topics such as land claims and claims settlements, self-government agreements and proposed agreements, economic development, environmental and social impact of industrial developments, and cultural and religious revival.
Prerequisite: S/A 3240.
4071
Social and Cultural Aspects of Health and Illness
(S/A)
4072
Social and Cultural Aspects of Death
(S/A)
4073
Studies in Underclass Life
(S/A)
is a critical inquiry into the social sources of human misery and suffering that characterize life in the underclass
4074
Ritual and Ceremony
(S/A)
- inactive course.
4077
Advanced Studies in Terror and Society
(S/A)
- inactive course.
4081
Advanced Seminar in the Anthropology of Gender
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4089
Language and Social Change
(S/A)
4091
Oil and Development
(S/A)
- inactive course.
4092
Gender and Social Theory
(S/A)
4140-4149
Advanced Interdisciplinary Specialties
(S/A)
4150
Environmental Change and Quaternary Geography
(A/P)
(same as Geography 4150) examines methods of reconstructing Quaternary environments, effects of Quaternary environmental changes on landform, with special reference to North America, development and characteristics of glacial and non-glacial climates.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory per week.
Prerequisites: Geography 3110, 3150 or permission of Head of Department.
4151
Paleoethnobotany
(A/P)
is a combined directed readings/ laboratory course on palaeoethnobotany. Paleoethnobotany concerns the recovery and analysis of archaeological plant remains as a basis for understanding human and plant interactions in the archaeological record. This course focuses on recent palaeobotanical research in northeastern North America.
Prerequisites: A/P 2480 and the permission of the instructor.
4160-4169
Special Projects in Archaeology
(A/P)
are courses which may be offered from time to time as demand arises. They may involve readings, seminars and actual analysis of archaeological collections on, for example: The Neolithic of Western Asia; The Rise of Civilization in Western Asia; Scandinavian Prehistory; Palaeoethnobotany; and Technology and Material Culture.
Prerequisite: Anthropology 2480.
4170
Settlement and Subsistence Studies in Archaeology
(A/P)
- inactive course.
4182
History of Archaeology
(A/P)
is an intensive study of the emergence and maturation of archaeology as a discipline within the social sciences, particularly in Western Europe and North America, during the 19th and 20th centuries.
4190-4199
Selected Topics in Archaeology and Prehistory
(A/P)
is a consideration of recent developments in archaeology and prehistory.
Prerequisite: Anthropology 2480 or equivalent.
4200-4209
Special Areas in Anthropology
(S/C)
is a series of individual or small group tutorials and reading courses on topics of special or current interest.
Prerequisite: Departmental permission.
4280
Advanced Newfoundland Ethnography
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4300
Fieldwork and the Interpretation of Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4301
The Intensive Study of One Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4302
Biography and Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4410
History of Social and Cultural Anthropology
(S/C)
is a detailed examination of critical issues in the history of anthropology and its various subdisciplines from ancient times to the formation of schools of thought in the late 19th and 20th centuries.
Prerequisite: At least fourth-year standing in an Arts degree program, including 24 credit hours in Anthropology courses.
4411
Theory and Method in Archaeology and Prehistory
(A/P)
4412
Modern Cultural Theory
(S/C)
is an evaluation of current approaches to culture through psychological, social-structural, critical, and symbolic Anthropology. Emphasis on major works, schools, and personages.
4422
The Craft of Writing Anthropological Narrative
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4450
Land Tenure and Culture
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4451
Ethnography of Gambling
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4452
The Fisheries Revolution
(S/C)
- inactive course.
4500
Special Topic in Historical Archaeology
(A/P)
is a consideration of current developments in methods, techniques, and theory in Historical Archaeology.
Prerequisite: A/P 2480 or permission of instructor.
4995
Honours Essay
(A/P) or (S/C)
4996
Comprehensive Examination
(A/P) or (S/C)
- inactive course.