Well-known English mathematician, noted for his publication in 1908 of a proof of the fundamental theorem of population genetics, that in the absence of other factors, allele frequencies in a population will remain constant between generations. The theorem is most often cited as the Hardy-Weinberg Principle, to include the German mathematician who showed the same principle at about the same time. It is sometimes called the Hardy-Weinberg-Castle Principle, to include an American geneticist who demonstrated a special case of the phenomenon.