The
Adaptive Landscape as a
metaphor of Fitness
In a
two-dimensional landscape of Fitness vs Genotype-based
Phenotypes, certain combinations produce phenotypes
that are well-adapted for local circumstances. Speciation
may occur when a genotype is selected from one adaptive peak
to another, nearby in in genotype-phenotype space. In Sewall
Wright's model, this requires transition through a mal-adapative
combination, which is possible in small populations where
genetic drift predominates natural selection.