Distribution of white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus) & mule deer (O. heminous)

Mule deer are the typical deer west of the Rocky Mountains; mule deer in the Pacific Northwest are in a separate subspecies, black-tailed deer (O. hemionus columbianus). White-tailed deer are more eastern, although there is extensive overlap; white-tailed deer extend through Central America into northern South America.