Evolutionary relationships of aquatic and terrestrial caniform carnivores

The three marine families ["true seals" (Phocidae), "eared seals" (Otarridae), and the walrus (Odobenidae)] form a monophyletic clade; their closest terrestrial relative is undetermined. [Neighbor-joining tree (transversions only) of caniform relationships. Numbers indicate the percent occurrence of that cluster in 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Figure 5 of Carr & Perry 1997].