Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

S.G. Aiken, M.J. Dallwitz, L.L. Consaul, C.L. McJannet, L.J. Gillespie, R.L. Boles, G.W. Argus, J.M. Gillett, P.J. Scott, R. Elven, M.C. LeBlanc, A.K. Brysting and H. Solstad


Index

Introduction • Citation • Acknowledgements • References

General Information

Identification and Information Retrieval (Windows 95/NT or later)

Character List

Implicit Attributes

Descriptions

The bold-italic parts are diagnostic descriptions, generated with the aid of Intkey (Dallwitz et al. 1993). They distinguish each taxon in at least two respects from every other taxon. Authors have chosen additional characters to appear in bold-italic, on the basis of their diagnostic value.

• PTERIDOPHYTES

• Equisetaceae • Equisetum arvense L. subsp. arvense • Equisetum arvense subsp. boreale (Bong.) Á.Löve • Equisetum scirpoides Michx. • Equisetum variegatum Schleich. ex F. Weber and D. Mohr

• Lycopodiaceae • Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub • Huperzia selago Bernh. ex Schrank and Mart. subsp. arctica Grossh. ex Tolm. A. Löve and D. Löve • Lycopodium annotinum L.

• Polypodiaceae • Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. • Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott • Woodsia R. Br. • Woodsia alpina (Bolton) Gray • Woodsia glabella R. Br. • Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br.

• SPERMATOPHYTES

• Asteraceae Dumortier • Achillea millefolium L. subsp. borealis (Bong.) Breitung • Antennaria Gaertn. • Antennaria alpina (L.) Gaertner subsp. canescens (Lange) Chmiel. • Antennaria alpina (L.) Gaertn. subsp. porsildii (E.Ekman) Chmiel. • Antennaria friesiana (Trautv.) E. Ekman. subsp. friesiana • Antennaria media Greene subsp. compacta (Malte) Chmiel. • Antennaria monocephala (Torr. & A.Gray) DC. subsp. angustata (Greene) Hultén • Arctanthemum arcticum (L.) Tzvelev subsp. polare (Hultén) Tzvelev • Arnica angustifolia Vahl subsp. angustifolia • Artemisia borealis Pallas subsp. borealis • Artemisia hyperborea Rydb. • Artemisia richardsoniana Besser • Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. subsp. tilesii • Crepis nana Richardson • Erigeron compositus Hooker subsp. arcticus A.E. Porsild • Erigeron grandiflorus Hooker • Erigeron humilis J. Graham • Erigeron eriocephalus J. Vahl • Eurybia pygmaea (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom • Hulteniella integrifolia (Richardson) Tzvelev • Packera hyperborealis (Greenm.) Á. Löve & D. Löve • Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries • Saussurea angustifolia (Willd.) DC. • Senecio lugens Richardson • Solidago multiradiata Ait. • Taraxacum Weber • Taraxacum alaskanum ? Rydb. • Taraxacum holmenianum Sahlin ex Kirschn. and Stepánek • Taraxacum hyparcticum Dahlst. • Taraxacum hyperboreum Dahlst. • Taraxacum lapponicum ? Kihlm. • Taraxacum phymatocarpum J. Vahl s.s. • Tephroseris atropurpurea (Ledeb.) Holub • Tephroseris palustris (L.) Fourr. subsp. congesta (R.Br.) Holub • Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) Koch subsp. phaeocephalum (Rupr.) Hämet-Ahti

• Betulaceae S.F. Gray • Betula glandulosa Michx. • Betula nana L.

• Boraginaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Mertensia drummondii (Lehm.) G. Don • Mertensia maritima (L.) S.F. Gray

• Brassicaceae Burnett • Arabis alpina L. • Arabiopsis arenicola (Richardson ex Hooker) Petrovsky and Elven comb. nov. • Beringia bursifolia (DC.) R.A.Price, Al-Shehbaz and O'Kane • Boechera holboellii (Hornem.) Á.Löve & D.Löve • Braya Sternb. and Hoppe • Braya glabella Richardson • Braya purpurascens (R.Br.) Bunge • Braya thorild-wulffii Ostenf. • Cardamine L. • Cardamine bellidifolia L. • Cardamine digitata Richardson • Cardamine pratensis L. subsp. angustifolia (Hooker) O.E. Schultz • Cochlearia officinalis L. subsp. groenlandica (L.) A.E. Porsild • Descurainia sophioides (Fisch.) Schulz • Draba L. • Draba adamsii Ledeb. • Draba alpina L. • Draba arctica J.Vahl • Draba aurea M. Vahl. • Draba cinerea Adams • Draba corymbosa R.Br.ex DC. • Draba crassifolia Graham • Draba fladnizensis Wulfen in Jacquin • Draba glabella Pursh • Draba juvenilis Kom. • Draba lactea Adams • Draba micropetala Hooker • Draba nivalis Lilj. • Draba norvegica Gunnerus • Draba oblongata R.Br. ex D.C. • Draba oligosperma Hooker • Draba oxycarpa Sommerf. • Draba pauciflora R.Br. • Draba subcapitata Simmons • Erysimum pallasii (Pursh) Fernald • Eutrema edwardsii R.Br. • Lesquerella arctica (Wormsk.) S. Wats. • Neotorularia humilis (C.A. Meyer) Hedge and Léonard • Parrya R. Br. • Parrya arctica R.Br. • Parrya nudicaulis (L.) Regel

• Campanulaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Campanula rotundifolia L. • Campanula uniflora L.

• Caryophyllaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Arenaria L. • Arenaria capillaris Poir. • Arenaria humifusa Wahlenb. • Cerastium L. • Cerastium alpinum L. • Cerastium arcticum Lange • Cerastium arvense L. • Cerastium beeringianum Cham. and Schltdl. • Cerastium cerastoides (L.) Britton • Cerastium regelii Ostenf. • Honckenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. subsp. diffusa (Hornem.) Hultén • Minuartia L. • Minuartia biflora (L.) Schinz and Thellung • Minuartia elegans (Cham. et Schltdl.) Schischk. • Minuartia rossii (R. Br. ex Richardson) Graebn. • Minuartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Hiern • Minuartia stricta (Sw.) Hiern • Sagina L. • Sagina caespitosa (J. Vahl) Lange • Sagina nivalis (Lindblom) Fries • Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl subsp. borealis G.E. Crow • Silene L. • Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq. • Silene involucrata (Cham. and Schltdl.) Bocquet • Silene sorensenis (Boivin) Bocquet • Silene uralensis (Rupr.) Bocquet • Silene ostenfeldii (Porsild) Petrovsky and Elven comb. nov. • Stellaria L. • Stellaria crassifolia Ehrh. • Stellaria humifusa Rottb. • Stellaria longipes Goldie • Viscaria alpina (L.) G. Don

• Crassulaceae A.P. de Candolle • Rhodiola rosea L. • Callitrichaceae Link • Callitriche anceps Fernald • Callitriche verna L.

• Cyperaceae A. L. de Jussieu • Carex L. • Carex aquatilis Wahlenb. subsp. stans (Drejer) Hultén • Carex arctogena Harry Sm. • Carex atrofusca Schkuhr • Carex bicolor All. • Carex bigelowii Torr. in Schwein. subsp. bigelowii • Carex bigelowii Torr. subsp. lugens (Holm) Egorova • Carex capillaris L. subsp. fuscidula (V.I.Krecz. ex T.V.Egorova) Á.Löve & D.Löve • Carex capitata Sol. • Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh. • Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr subsp. misandra (R.Br.) Nyman • Carex glacialis Mackenzie • Carex glareosa Wahlenb. • Carex gynocrates Wormsk. in Drejer • Carex holostoma Drejer • Carex krausei Boeck. • Carex lachenalii Schkǔhr • Carex macloviana d'Urv. • Carex marina Dewey subsp. marina • Carex maritima Gunnerus • Carex membranacea Hooker in W. Parry • Carex microglochin Wahlenb. • Carex nardina Fr. • Carex norvegica Retz • Carex obtusata Liljeb. • Carex petricosa Dewey • Carex rariflora (Wahlenb.) Sm. • Carex rufina Drejer • Carex rupestris All. • Carex saxatilis L. • Carex scirpoidea Michx. • Carex subspathacea Wormsk. in Hornem. • Carex supina Willd. ex Wahlenb. subsp. spaniocarpa (Steud.) Hultén • Carex ursina Dewey • Carex vaginata Tausch • Carex williamsii Britt. • Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roemer and J.A. Schultes • Eriophorum L. • Eriophorum angustifolium subsp. angustifolium Honck. • Eriophorum angustifolium subsp. triste (Th. Fr.) Hultén • Eriophorum brachyantherum Trautv. and C.A. Meyer • Eriophorum callitrix Cham. ex C.A. May. • Eriophorum russeolum Fr. ex Hartm. subsp. leiocarpum Novoselova • Eriophorum scheuchzeri Hoppe • Eriophorum vaginatum L. s.l. • Kobresia Willd. • Kobresia myosuroides (Vill.) Fiori • Kobresia sibirica (Turcz. ex Ledeb.) Boeck. • Kobresia simpliciuscula (Wahlenb.) Mack. subsp. subholarctica T.V.Egorova • Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm.

• Diapensiaceae Lindley • Diapensia lapponica L. subsp. lapponica

• Empetraceae A.F. Gray • Empetrum nigrum subsp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) Böcher

• Ericaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Arctous (A.Gray) Nied. • Arctous alpina (L.) Nied. • Arctous rubra (Rehder and E.H. Wilson) Nakai • Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don • Harrimanella hypnoides (L.) Coville • Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens (Aiton) Hultén • Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv. • Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab. • Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb. • Vaccinium uliginosum L. subsp. microphyllum (Lange) Tolm. • Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. subsp. minus (Lodd.) Hultén

• Fabaceae Lindley • Astragalus L. • Astragalus alpinus L. • Astragalus australis (L.) Lam. • Astragalus eucosmus B.L. Rob. • Hedysarum L. • Hedysarum alpinum L. var. alpinum • Hedysarum boreale Nutt. subsp. mackenziei (Richardson) S.L. Welsh • Lupinus arcticus S. Wats. subsp. arcticus • Oxytropis DC • Oxytropis arctica R.Br. var. arctica • Oxytropis arctica var. bellii (Britt. ex Macoun) Boivin • Oxytropis borealis DC. var. borealis • Oxytropis borealis DC. var. hudsonica (E. Greene) S.L. Welsh • Oxytropis campestris (L.) DC. var. minor (Hooker) S.L. Welsh • Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) DC. subsp. foliolosa (Hooker) Cody • Oxytropis maydelliana Trautv. subsp. maydelliana • Oxytropis maydelliana Trautv. subsp. melanocephala (Hooker) A.E.Porsild • Oxytropis nigrescens (Pall.) Fisch. subsp. arctobia (Bunge) Hultén • Oxytropis podocarpa A. Gray • Oxytropis varians (Rydb.) K.Schum.

• Gentianaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Gentianella propinqua (Richardson) J.M.Gillett subsp. propinqua • Comastoma tenellum (Rottb.) Toyok. • Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fr. ex Fernald

• Haloragaceae R.Br. • Myriophyllum sibiricum Komorov

• Hippuridaceae Link • Hippuris x lanceolata Retz. • Hippuris tetraphylla L.f • Hippuris vulgaris L. • Juncaginaceae L.C Richard • Triglochin palustre L.

• Juncaceae L. • Juncus L. • Juncus albescens (Lange) Fernald • Juncus arcticus Willd. s.l. • Juncus biglumis L. • Juncus castaneus Sm. • Juncus trifidus L. • Luzula DC. • Luzula confusa Lindeberg • Luzula multiflora (Retz.) Lejeune subsp. frigida (Buch.) Krecz. • Luzula nivalis Spreng. • Luzula spicata (L.) DC. • Luzula wahlenbergii Rupr.

• Lentibulariaceae L.C. Richard • Pinguicula vulgaris L.

• Linaceae A.S. Gray • Linum lewisii Pursh

• Nartheciaceae Fr. ex J. Bjurzon • Tofieldia Huds. • Tofieldia coccinea Richardson in Franklin • Tofieldia pusilla (Michx.) Pers.

• Onagraceae A.L. de Jussieu • Chamerion (Raf.) Raf. • Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub • Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub • Epilobium L. • Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. • Epilobium arcticum Samuelss. • Epilobium palustre L.

• Orchidaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Corallorhiza trifida Chatelain

• Papaveraceae A.L. de Jussieu

• Plantaginaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Plantago canescens M.F. Adams • Plantago maritima subsp. borealis (Lange) A. Blytt and O. Dahl

• Plumbaginaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Armeria scabra Pall. ex Roem. & Schult.

• Poaceae Barnhart • Agrostis mertensii Trin. • Alopecurus magellanicus Lam. • Arctagrostis latifolia (R. Br.) Griseb. subsp. latifolia • Arctophila fulva (Trin.) N.J. Andersson • Calamagrostis Adans • Calamagrostis canadensis var. langsdorffii (Link) Tzvelev • Calamagrostis chordorrhiza A.E. Porsild • Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartman var. sibirica (V. Petrov.) Tzvelev • Calamagrostis neglecta (Ehrh.) P.G. Gaertn., B. Mey, and Scherb. • Calamagrostis purpurascens R. Br. • Calamagrostis stricta subsp. inexpansa (Gray) C.W. Greene • Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler subsp. stricta • Deschampsia (Beauv.) • Deschampsia alpina (L.) Roem. and Schult. • Deschampsia brevifolia R. Br. • Deschampsia sukatschewii (Popl.) Roshev. subsp. borealis (Trautv.) Tzvelev • Dupontia fisheri R. Br. s.l. • Elymus alaskanus (Scribn. and Merr.) A. Löve s.l. • Festuca L. • Festuca altaica Trinius • Festuca baffinensis Polunin • Festuca brachyphylla Schult. and Schult. f. • Festuca edlundiae S. Aiken, Consaul and Lefkovitch • Festuca hyperborea Holmen ex Frederiksen • Festuca rubra L. subsp. arctica (Hack.) Govor. • Festuca viviparoidea Krajina ex Pavlick s.l. • Hierochloë R. Br. • Hierochloë alpina (Swartz) Roem. and Schult. subsp. alpina • Hierochloë pauciflora R. Br. • Hordeum jubatum L. • Leymus mollis (Trin.) Hara • Phippsia algida (Sol.) R. Br. • Pleuropogon sabinei R. Br. • Poa L. • Poa abbreviata R. Br. • Poa alpina L. • Poa arctica R. Br. subsp. arctica • Poa arctica R. Br. subsp. caespitans Nannf. • Poa flexuosa Sm. • Poa glauca Vahl • Poa hartzii Gand. • Poa nascopieana Polunin • Poa pratensis L. subsp. alpigena (Fr. ex Blytt) Hiitonen • Puccinellia Parl. • Puccinellia agrostidea T.J. Sørensen • Puccinellia andersonii Swallen • Puccinellia angustata (R. Br.) Rand and Redfield • Puccinellia arctica (Hooker) Fernald and Weath. • Puccinellia borealis Swallen • Puccinellia bruggemannii T.J. Sørensen • Puccinellia deschampsioides T.J. Sørensen • Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scribn. and Merr. • Puccinellia poacea T.J. Sørensen • Puccinellia pumila (Vasey) Hitchc. • Puccinellia tenella (Lange) Holmb. subsp. langeana (Berlin) Tzvelev in Tolm. • Puccinellia vaginata (Lange) Fernald and Weath. • Puccinellia vahliana (Liebm.) Scribn. and Merr. • ×Pucciphippsia vacillans (Th. Fr.) Tzvelev • Trisetum spicatum (L.) K. Ricther

• Polemoniaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Phlox richardsonii Hooker • Polemonium boreale Adams

• Polygonaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Koenigia islandica L. • Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill • Persicaria vivipara (L.) Ronse Decr. • Rumex arcticus Trautv.

• Portulacaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Montia fontana L.

• Potamogetonaceae Dumortier • Stuckenia filiformis (Pers.) Börner subsp. borealis (Raf.) comb. nov. • Potamogeton pusillus L. var. mucronatus (

• Primulaceae Ventenat • Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen in Jacq. • Androsace septentrionalis L. • Primula borealis Duby • Primula stricta Hornem.

• Pyrolaceae Dumortier • Orthilia secunda (L.) House subsp. obtusata (Turcz.) Böcher • Pyrola grandiflora Radius

• Ranunculaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Anemone L. • Anemone parviflora Michx. • Anemone richardsonii Hooker • Caltha palustris R.Br. subsp. arctica (R. Br.) Hultén • Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. • Coptidium lapponicum (L.) Tzvelev • Coptidium pallasii (Schltdl.) Tzvelev • Ranunculus L. • Ranunculus allenii B.L. Robins. • Ranunculus arcticus Richardson in Franklin • Ranunculus confervoides (Fr.) Fr. • Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh • Ranunculus gmelinii DC. subsp. gmelinii • Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb. • Ranunculus nivalis L. • Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. • Ranunculus sabinei R. Br. • Ranunculus sulphureus Sol. • Thalictrum alpinum L.

• Rosaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Acomastylis rossii (R. Br.) Greene • Argentina egedii (Wormskj.) Rydb. • Comarum palustre L. • Dryas integrifolia Vahl. • Dryas punctata Juz. • Potentilla L. • Potentilla biflora • Potentilla crantzii (Crantz) G. Beck ex Fritsch • Potentilla diversifolia Lehm. subsp. ranunculus (Lge.) Porsild • Potentilla nivea L. complex • Potentilla hookeriana Lehm. subsp. chamissonis (Hultén) Hultén • Potentilla hookeriana Lehm. subsp. hookeriana • Potentilla hyparctica Malte Northern Race • Potentilla hyparctica Malte Southern Race • Potentilla nivea L. • Potentilla pulchella R. Br. • Potentilla rubricaulis Lehm. • Potentilla tridentata Sol. • Potentilla uniflora Ledeb. • Potentilla vahliana Lehm. • Rubus chamaemorus L. • Sibbaldia procumbens L.

• Salicaceae Mirbel • Salix alaxensis (Andersson) Cov. var. alaxensis • Salix arctica Pall. • Salix arctophila Cock. ex Heller • Salix calcicola Fernald and Wieg. • Salix fullertonensis Schneid. • Salix glauca L. var. acutifolia (Hooker) C. Schneider • Salix glauca L. var. callicarpaea (Trautv.) Argus • Salix herbacea L. • Salix niphoclada Rydb. • Salix planifolia Pursh • Salix polaris Wahlenb. • Salix pulchra Cham. • Salix reticulata L. • Salix richardsonii Hooker • Salix uva-ursi Pursh • Salix vestita Pursh

• Saxifragaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (N.Lund ex Malmgren) Th.Fr. • Parnassia kotzebuei Cham. and Schlecht. • Parnassia palustris L. • Saxifraga L. • Saxifraga aizoides L. • Saxifraga cernua L. • Saxifraga cespitosa L. • Saxifraga eschscholtzii Sternb. • Saxifraga foliolosa R. Br. • Saxifraga hieracifolia Waldst. and Kit. • Saxifraga hirculus L. • Saxifraga hyperborea R. Br. • Saxifraga platysepala (Trautv.) Tolm. • Saxifraga oppositifolia L. • Saxifraga paniculata P. Mill. • Saxifraga rivularis L. • Saxifraga serpyllifolia Pursh • Saxifraga tricuspidata Rothb.

• Scrophulariaceae A.L. de Jussieu • Bartsia alpina L. • Castilleja elegans Ostenf. • Castilleja septentrionalis Lindl. • Euphrasia frigida Pugsley • Pedicularis L. • Pedicularis capitata Adams • Pedicularis flammea L. • Pedicularis hirsuta L. • Pedicularis labradorica Wirsing • Pedicularis lanata Willd. ex Cham. and Schltdl. • Pedicularis langsdorffii Fisch. ex Steven • Pedicularis lapponica L. • Pedicularis sudetica Willd. • Veronica wormskjoldii Roem. and Schult.

• Sparganiaceae Rudolphi • Sparganium hyperboreum Laest

• Violaceae Batsch • Viola labradorica Schrank • Viola pallens (Banks) Brainerd


Cite this publication as: ‘S.G. Aiken, M.J. Dallwitz, L.L. Consaul, C.L. McJannet, L.J. Gillespie, R.L. Boles, G.W. Argus, J.M. Gillett, P.J. Scott, R. Elven, M.C. LeBlanc, A.K. Brysting and H. Solstad. 1999 onwards. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 29th April 2003. http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/’. Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993, 1995, 2000) should also be cited (see References).

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